← Lessons 16. Contracts and Conditions of Carriage
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1. INTRODUCTION 2. OWNED TRANSPORT 3. HIRED TRANSPORT 4. CONTRACTS OF CARRIAGE 5. FREIGHT FORWARDER 6. CLEARING HOUSE 7. SUB-CONTRACTOR 8. GROUPAGE OPERATOR 9. AGENTS 10. CONCLUSION 11. Quick Exam Numbers / Facts – Memorise These 12. Final Memory Checklist

12. Final Memory Checklist

  • Know the difference between owned and hired transport.
  • Know the main advantages and disadvantages of owned transport.
  • Know the differences between carrier, leasing, contract hire and renting.
  • Remember that operator-licensing responsibility can depend on whether contract-hire vehicles are supplied with drivers or used with the hirer's own drivers.
  • Understand the difference between private and common carriers and their liabilities.
  • Know the purpose of written conditions of carriage.
  • Memorise the key RHA terms: private carrier, liability exceptions, £1,300/tonne limit, sub-contracting, lien, English law/UK courts.
  • Know what a freight forwarder does.
  • Know what a clearing house does and why return loads are important.
  • Know the responsibilities of the original carrier and the sub-contractor.
  • Understand how groupage works.
  • Know the three parties in an agency: principal, agent and third party.
  • Remember that an agent's authority must be respected.
  • Know the four main agent duties: care, no sub-delegation, no conflict of interest and no secret profits.
  • Remember that the original carrier remains responsible to its customer for claims arising from sub-contracted work.