• UK tunnels are generally short links, often under rivers.
• Continental Europe has major geographical barriers such as the Alps and Pyrenees, requiring major international tunnels.

7.1 FREJUS TUNNEL

• Runs under the Alps between Modane in France and Bardonecchia in Italy.
• Forms part of a direct route between Lyon and Turin.
• Length: 12.5 km.
• Maximum height: 4.3 m.
• Maximum width: 2.8 m.
• Maximum speed: 70 kph.
• Minimum speed: 40 kph.
• Snow chains must be available and used where necessary, as on Italian roads generally.
• A one-off toll is payable based on the number of axles and Euro engine rating.
• Discounts are available for high-volume users.
• Only goods vehicles meeting Euro 3 or higher emission standards are permitted to use the tunnel.

7.2 MONT BLANC TUNNEL

• Connects Chamonix in France with Courmayeur in Italy.
• Provides a route that can reduce journey lengths to Geneva, Turin and Milan.
• Length: 11.6 km.
• Maximum height: 4.05 m.
• Maximum width: 2.55 m.
• Maximum speed: 70 kph.
• Minimum speed: 50 kph.
• Charges depend on number of axles and Euro engine rating.
• The source states that the engine must be higher than Euro 4.
• Special concessions are available for large users.
• Vehicles must be equipped with snow chains during winter.
• Snow chains must be fitted whenever the road sign 'equipements speciaux obligatoires' is displayed.