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8. Quick Exam Numbers / Facts – Memorise These
- Incoterms 2020 = latest version identified by the source.
- Incoterms 2020 contains 11 standard terms.
- 7 Incoterms apply to all modes of transport; 4 apply only to sea/inland waterways.
- Sea/inland-waterway terms listed: FAS, FOB, CFR and CIF.
- EXW: buyer arranges/pays for transport, loading and Customs formalities and takes transit risk.
- FCA: seller delivers to the buyer's named carrier, loads the goods and arranges export clearance.
- CPT: seller pays carriage to named destination, but risk passes to buyer at the source's stated point of departure.
- CIP: CPT plus seller-arranged transit insurance for the entire journey.
- DPU: seller delivers after unloading at the named destination; buyer handles import clearance/duties.
- DAP: seller delivers on the vehicle ready for unloading; buyer handles import clearance/duties.
- DDP: seller arranges and pays for virtually everything, including duties, taxes and Customs formalities.
- Schengen first agreement: 1985; original five = France, Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands.
- Source-listed Schengen participating countries at publication: 22 EU states + 4 non-EU states = 26.
- Source states UK and Republic of Ireland had not signed Schengen.
- Passport validity: source recommends at least 6 months remaining.
- Schengen Visa source rule: non-European business travellers; single or multiple entry; maximum 3 months per year within a 6-month period.
- International Driving Permit: source says required for Russia, Ukraine and most of the Middle East; minimum applicant age 18.
- Illegal immigrant penalty stated in source: £2,000 per person for both operator and driver.
- Non-payment of the immigration penalty within 60 days may allow vehicle seizure and sale by the courts.
- Three key defences: driver unaware/no reason to believe; effective prevention system; system operated correctly.
- Frejus Tunnel: 12.5 km; 4.3 m high; 2.8 m wide; 70 kph max; 40 kph min; Euro 3+.
- Mont Blanc Tunnel: 11.6 km; 4.05 m high; 2.55 m wide; 70 kph max; 50 kph min; source says above Euro 4.
- Snow chains: source requires availability/use where necessary in Italy and fitting when the specified Mont Blanc road sign is displayed.